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If you’re in the UK and struggling with chronic pain, anxiety, or conditions like multiple sclerosis or epilepsy that haven’t improved with standard treatments, medical cannabis might be an option for you. Legal since 2018, it’s prescribed by specialist doctors for specific cases where other therapies have failed. While NHS access is limited, private clinics offer broader treatment options. Here’s a quick breakdown of how to begin:
- Eligibility: You must have a diagnosed condition and tried at least two conventional treatments without success.
- Legal Requirements: Only specialist doctors registered with the General Medical Council (GMC) can prescribe medical cannabis.
- Process: Start with a free eligibility check at private clinics, followed by a specialist consultation. If approved, you’ll receive a prescription tailored to your needs.
- Ongoing Care: Regular follow-ups ensure your treatment is adjusted for the best results.
Private clinics, like Elios Clinics, simplify the process with online consultations, subscription plans, and next-day delivery of your medication. Always keep your prescription and medication in its original packaging for legal compliance. Ready to explore this treatment? Start with an eligibility check to see if it’s right for you.
How to Get Medical Cannabis in the UK (Step-by-Step Guide 2025)
Step 1: Check If You Qualify for Medical Cannabis
Accessing medical cannabis in the UK involves meeting specific eligibility requirements. Rather than applying a strict checklist, specialists evaluate each case individually, focusing on your unique medical circumstances. Here’s an overview of the conditions that qualify and how doctors assess your eligibility.
To be eligible, you must have a diagnosed medical condition that hasn’t responded well to conventional treatments. As Dr. Farrah Ayob, Pain Specialist and Consultant at Mamedica, explains:
"To get a prescription, you have to meet the legislative criteria set out by the British Government. You have to have tried at least two different treatments for your condition."
Medical Conditions That Qualify
In the NHS, medical cannabis prescriptions are highly restricted and limited to three specific situations:
- Severe, treatment-resistant epilepsy (including rare childhood conditions like Dravet syndrome)
- Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
- Muscle stiffness or spasms caused by multiple sclerosis
The availability of these prescriptions is extremely limited. For instance, only 18 unlicensed cannabis-based prescriptions were issued in England through the NHS between March and June 2020.
Private clinics, however, provide a broader scope for medical cannabis prescriptions. According to Curaleaf Clinic:
"Medical cannabis can be considered for physical and mental health conditions where there is clinical evidence supporting its use, and only when standard treatments have not been effective."
Conditions commonly treated with medical cannabis in private clinics include:
- Chronic Pain: Conditions like arthritis, fibromyalgia, migraines, cancer-related pain, and neuropathic pain
- Neurological Disorders: Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, Tourette’s syndrome, and autism spectrum disorders
- Mental Health Issues: PTSD, anxiety disorders, and depression, especially when linked to chronic illness
- Gastrointestinal Problems: Inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis) and irritable bowel syndrome
- Other Conditions: Sleep disorders, appetite issues, chronic inflammation, and symptoms related to cancer treatment or palliative care
However, cannabis is typically avoided for conditions like schizophrenia, psychosis, or bipolar disorder, where evidence suggests it might worsen symptoms.
How Doctors Check Your Eligibility
Doctors carefully evaluate your medical history, current condition, and previous treatments to determine if you qualify. Providing detailed medical records is essential, as healthcare providers must verify your diagnosis and confirm that you’ve tried at least two conventional treatments without success.
Most clinics will ask for access to your Summary of Care Records (SCR) from your GP. These records include your medical history, current and past medications, allergies, immunizations, and any adverse reactions. If your SCR is incomplete, additional documentation may be required.
During your consultation, the specialist will review your records and discuss treatments you’ve tried, including any self-medication. If you’ve been self-medicating, it’s helpful to share details about the strain, dosage, and how it has impacted your symptoms.
Doctors also assess potential risks, such as a personal or family history of psychosis, severe liver or kidney disease, previous drug dependence, or pregnancy. While there are no legal age restrictions, clinics are generally more cautious with patients under 25, and those under 18 must be evaluated by a pediatric specialist.
Some clinics, like Elios Clinics, offer free eligibility assessments to help you determine if you qualify before booking a consultation. These initial checks can save time and money by confirming whether you meet the criteria upfront. Once you’ve confirmed your eligibility, the next step is understanding the legal framework for accessing medical cannabis.
Step 2: Know the Legal Requirements
Before beginning medical cannabis treatment in the UK, it’s crucial to understand the legal framework. The country has specific regulations governing who can prescribe these medications and how they are provided.
Let’s take a closer look at who is authorized to prescribe medical cannabis.
Who Can Prescribe Medical Cannabis?
In the UK, medical cannabis can only be prescribed by specialist doctors registered with the General Medical Council (GMC). Whether you’re seeking treatment through the NHS or private care, a GMC-registered specialist must oversee the prescription process. According to the NHS:
"Cannabis-based medicine can only be prescribed on the NHS by a specialist hospital doctor, or under a specialist’s supervision."
While your GP can refer you to a specialist, they cannot prescribe or initiate cannabis therapy themselves. Only GMC-registered specialists are authorized to start treatment, ensuring your care adheres to strict regulatory guidelines. In private practice, these specialists and consultants can prescribe medical cannabis for a wider range of conditions compared to the NHS.
Medical cannabis has been legal for medicinal use in the UK since November 2018. However, NHS prescriptions remain rare. In 2021, only 977 NHS prescriptions for cannabis-based medicinal products were issued nationwide.
Now that we’ve covered prescription rules, let’s explore how unlicensed medications fit into the legal framework.
How Unlicensed Medications Work
Medical cannabis products in the UK are classified as unlicensed. This means they are safe and legally prescribed but don’t have conventional marketing authorization. Instead, they are prescribed on a "named patient" basis under strict regulatory guidelines. Your specialist must justify why this treatment is suitable for your specific case.
Since medical cannabis is a Class B controlled drug, additional legal precautions are in place. For example, medications containing THC must be recorded in a controlled drugs register for monitoring.
Prescriptions are typically issued on a one-month basis, allowing your specialist to monitor your progress and make adjustments as needed. When you receive your medication, it’s essential to keep it in its original pharmacy-labeled container. You should also carry a copy of your prescription or clinic letter along with photo identification. These documents act as proof of legal possession.
To ensure continuity of care, private clinics usually inform your GP about your medical cannabis prescription. This helps keep your medical records updated and supports coordinated care under specialist supervision throughout your treatment.
Step 3: Get Medical Cannabis Treatment
With the legal framework established, you can now access medical cannabis treatment through private clinics, which typically offer a straightforward process.
Complete an Eligibility Check
Most private clinics provide free online assessments to determine if you’re eligible for medical cannabis treatment. For example, Elios Clinics offers a complimentary review of your medical history and current condition.
During this step, you’ll need to share detailed information about your health, including your medical history and the condition you’re seeking treatment for. One key requirement is that you’ve already tried at least two conventional treatments without success. This shows that standard therapies haven’t provided sufficient relief.
Additionally, you’ll need to provide your Summary of Care records from your GP. These records confirm your diagnosis and document the medications you’ve previously used.
To qualify for a specialist consultation, you must be at least 18 years old. The vast majority of applicants pass this stage unless there are notable safety concerns. In fact, some clinics report that 9 out of 10 patients who attend consultations are approved for medical cannabis treatment.
Once your eligibility is confirmed, you can move on to scheduling your consultation with a specialist.
Schedule a Specialist Appointment
After passing the eligibility check, the next step is to book a video consultation with a specialist approved by the General Medical Council (GMC). Many clinics, including Elios Clinics, offer secure online video consultations, so you can attend from home.
Elios Clinics provides two payment options: a subscription plan at $20 per month, which includes initial and follow-up consultations, or a pay-as-you-go option at $50 per session.
During the consultation, the specialist will review your medical history, discuss your symptoms, and assess how they affect your daily life. They’ll also evaluate the treatments you’ve previously tried and recommend a medical cannabis treatment plan tailored to your needs.
These consultations typically last 30–45 minutes, giving you enough time to address your concerns, set treatment goals, and ask any questions you may have.
Get Your Prescription and Medication
Once approved, a team of specialists will finalize your prescription. Medical cannabis can be prescribed in various forms, such as dried flower for vaporizing, oils for sublingual use, capsules, or cartridges.
Elios Clinics offers next-day delivery for your medication, ensuring you receive it promptly. Your medication will arrive in pharmacy-labeled containers, which you should keep for legal compliance.
You can track your prescription online and enjoy streamlined delivery. Elios Clinics also provides 24/7 repeat prescription processing through your patient dashboard.
When your medication arrives, make sure to keep it in its original packaging. Always carry a copy of your prescription along with photo identification, as these documents serve as proof of legal possession. This is especially important if you plan to travel with your medication.
Prescriptions are generally issued on a monthly basis, allowing for ongoing monitoring and adjustments to your treatment plan as needed.
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Step 4: Work with Specialists for Better Results
Once you have your prescription, the next step is all about teamwork – working closely with your specialist to ensure the best possible treatment outcomes. Open and clear communication at every stage is key to keeping your treatment on track and achieving the results you’re aiming for.
Prepare for Your Appointment
Preparation is essential to help your specialist fully understand your condition and craft a treatment plan that works for you.
Gather Your Medical Records and Details
Bring along recent medical records, diagnostic reports, and any referral letters that support your diagnosis. Make a list of all medications you’re currently taking (or have taken in the past), including dosages and schedules. To give your specialist a clearer picture, keep a simple log or journal documenting your symptoms, how they affect your daily life, and your treatment goals.
Stay Organized for Your Visit
Make sure your documents are in order, complete any forms required before your appointment, and jot down any questions you want to ask. Don’t forget to bring a valid government-issued ID.
"Your medical marijuana evaluation requires current medical records, government ID, proof of residence, and detailed symptom documentation." – MMD Medical Doctors
Attend Follow-Up Appointments
Starting treatment is just the beginning. Regular follow-ups with your specialist are essential to ensure the medication is working as intended and to address any side effects or challenges you might face.
Track Progress and Communicate Clearly
During follow-ups, share any changes in your symptoms or side effects. Keeping a daily journal or using an app to track your progress can make this process easier. For example, at Elios Clinics, subscription plans include four follow-up appointments as part of a 12-month treatment plan. If you’re on a pay-as-you-go plan, follow-up appointments are available for $50 each.
If you’re experiencing practical challenges – like trouble sticking to a dosing schedule or side effects disrupting your routine – be sure to mention them. This feedback helps your specialist fine-tune your treatment plan, ensuring it meets your needs and delivers the best possible results.
Step 5: Manage Your Treatment Over Time
Achieving long-term success with your treatment requires continuous monitoring, education, and support. Building a strong, ongoing relationship with your healthcare team is essential to maintaining the best possible outcomes.
Monitor Your Progress
Tracking your progress isn’t just about noting whether you feel better or worse. Consistent and detailed monitoring provides your healthcare provider with crucial insights into how your treatment is working over time.
Leverage Digital Tools for Tracking
Using smartphone apps or digital platforms can make symptom tracking more precise and accessible. For example, a University of Florida study conducted between April 2019 and September 2020 used Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) with 37 adults starting medical cannabis for chronic pain. The study revealed a notable 16.5-point drop in momentary pain intensity (on a 0–100 scale) and a 0.89-point decrease in anxiety within a few weeks of treatment initiation.
Platforms like the Elios Clinics patient dashboard allow you to log symptoms, medication usage, and side effects in real time. This creates a detailed record that your healthcare provider can use to adjust your treatment plan during follow-up visits. Additionally, it serves as a central hub for managing prescriptions, scheduling appointments, and maintaining communication with your care team.
Focus on Key Health Metrics
Track vital metrics such as pain levels, how pain affects daily activities, and your overall functional status. It’s also important to monitor general health indicators like anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and overall life quality. Keep detailed records of your cannabis use, including product type, THC/CBD ratios, dosing, method of consumption, and any side effects.
Contribute to Patient Registries
Participating in patient registries can provide valuable insights into long-term treatment outcomes. For instance, the UK’s Project Twenty21 found that chronic pain patients reduced their average daily opioid dose from 22.5 mg to 8.3 mg, with nearly 60% discontinuing opioid use altogether.
"The current results indicate that being prescribed CBMPs was associated with improvements in general health, quality of life and a reduction in both condition-specific symptoms and in the use of prescribed opioids among chronic pain patients."
– Michael T. Lynskey et al.
Such data not only helps refine your treatment but also contributes to the broader understanding of medical cannabis therapies.
Keep Learning About Your Treatment
Staying informed is just as important as tracking your progress. The medical cannabis field evolves rapidly, with new research, product developments, and regulatory updates shaping available treatments. Keeping up to date ensures your treatment remains effective.
Stay Informed About Regulatory Updates
Regulations can influence product availability and safety standards. For instance, in February 2025, new guidelines increased permissible THC levels in industrial hemp and introduced updated CBD novel food regulations. Following updates from organizations like the MHRA, FSA, and the Home Office helps you stay on top of changes that might impact your treatment.
Follow Updated Professional Guidelines
Medical societies regularly refine their recommendations based on the latest research. In July 2025, The Medical Cannabis Clinicians Society released a new edition of its Good Practice Guide for Prescribers of Cannabis-Based Medicinal Products, offering an updated framework for safe and effective treatment.
"This guide provides the structure and support clinicians need to practise safely, lawfully and in the best interests of their patients."
– Professor Mike Barnes, Chair, Medical Cannabis Clinicians Society
Understand Your Legal Rights
Legal policies surrounding medical cannabis are also evolving. For example, in May 2025, Avon and Somerset Police adopted new guidelines, advising officers not to rely solely on the smell of cannabis as grounds for stop-and-search procedures. Being aware of such changes ensures you understand your rights and responsibilities as a patient.
Get Long-Term Support
Sustaining your treatment success requires both professional medical guidance and access to community resources.
Utilize Comprehensive Clinic Support
Elios Clinics provides structured treatment plans with ongoing support. Their patient dashboard offers 24/7 assistance, and subscription plans include regular follow-ups. For those who travel, medical cannabis travel letters can also be arranged.
Engage with Support Networks
Joining patient support groups can give you access to educational resources, shared experiences, and advice from others navigating similar journeys.
Protect Yourself Legally
When traveling or in public, always keep your prescription and medication in their original packaging. Some clinics offer medical cannabis cards that include your prescribing doctor’s details, medication information, and QR codes for verification. Adverse events are rare; in Project Twenty21, only 3.2% of participants reported side effects, most of which were mild or moderate, like dry mouth or drowsiness. Maintaining open communication with your healthcare team ensures any issues are addressed promptly and effectively.
Conclusion: Start Your Medical Cannabis Treatment
Here’s a practical guide to help you start your journey toward medical cannabis treatment with confidence. Follow these steps for safe and legal access.
Confirm Your Eligibility
First, ensure you meet the necessary criteria. Typically, this means having a diagnosed condition and a history of trying at least two other treatments without success. Private clinics offer access to medical cannabis for a wider range of conditions than the NHS, including chronic pain, anxiety, PTSD, and fibromyalgia.
"Patients typically require a history of having tried two other medications to treat their condition before being considered for medical cannabis." – MedBud Wiki
Understand Legal Requirements
In the UK, medical cannabis is only legal when prescribed by a specialist doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC). NHS prescriptions are extremely limited, generally reserved for severe conditions like rare epilepsies and MS-related spasticity. For most patients, private clinics provide the most accessible route to treatment.
Take the First Step
Start with a free eligibility assessment at Elios Clinics. During this review, your medical history will be evaluated to determine if you qualify for treatment. If eligible, you’ll be invited to schedule a virtual consultation with a GMC-registered specialist.
In this consultation, the specialist will design a treatment plan tailored to your needs. If medical cannabis is deemed suitable, a multidisciplinary team will review your prescription before it is sent to the clinic’s pharmacy for you to order. Once your treatment begins, be sure to follow all legal and storage guidelines.
Adhere to Legal and Safety Guidelines
Always possess your cannabis in its original container along with your prescription and photo ID. Be aware of how your treatment may impact driving and traveling. If your prescription includes dried flower for vaporization, remember that it can only be consumed in areas where vaping is permitted.
As regulations and research continue to evolve, treatment options may expand. By following these steps and consulting with qualified specialists, you’re on the right path to accessing safe and legal medical cannabis in the UK.
FAQs
What’s the difference between getting medical cannabis through the NHS and private clinics in the UK?
Accessing medical cannabis through the NHS in the UK remains highly restricted. Prescriptions are generally limited to a small set of specific conditions, and even then, they must be prescribed by specialist hospital doctors. This cautious approach is largely due to the limited number of clinical trials and stringent guidelines set by regulatory authorities.
In contrast, private clinics offer a more accessible route. These clinics allow patients to consult with specialists and consider treatment for a broader range of conditions. While private care often comes with higher costs, it provides greater flexibility in terms of cannabis products and treatment options. For many individuals who don’t qualify under the NHS’s strict guidelines, private clinics can be a more practical alternative.
What steps should I take to legally use medical cannabis in the UK?
To legally access medical cannabis in the UK, you must have a valid prescription from a specialist doctor. Recreational cannabis use remains illegal, and possessing it without a prescription can lead to legal trouble.
It’s important to ensure that your medical cannabis comes from licensed manufacturers or importers who adhere to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards. The processes for cultivating, importing, and distributing medical cannabis are tightly controlled, so always confirm that your source complies with these regulations. This approach ensures you remain on the right side of the law while receiving your prescribed treatment.
What happens during a medical cannabis consultation, and how should I prepare?
During a medical cannabis consultation, the specialist will take the time to go over your medical history, discuss your symptoms, and review any treatments you’ve tried in the past. The goal is to assess whether cannabis therapy could be a good option for your specific needs. These sessions usually last around 30 minutes and provide an opportunity to explore your condition, your treatment objectives, and address any questions or concerns you might have.
To make the most of your appointment, come prepared. Bring along your medical records, jot down a list of your current medications, and be ready to talk openly about your symptoms and past treatments. It’s also a good idea to think about your health goals and any specific questions you’d like to ask about using cannabis. A little preparation can go a long way in ensuring your consultation is as effective and informative as possible.
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